To realise the developed India by 2020

Friday, October 18, 2013

[India_Vision_2020] All banks mislead students on interest subsidy scheme - Government scheme not implemented properly

 

Hi all

Education Loan Task Force (ELTF), under Action 2020 and a wing of online India Vision Group has been creating public awareness about education loan among students and parents.  We have been talking for a long time about the mismanagement of interest subsidy scheme by the banks. 

The Government of India provides 100% interest subsidy to all the eligible students till the end of moratorium period.  The students (annual parental income less than 4.50 lakhs)  who are  granted education loan under IBA scheme to study professional and technical courses are eligible under the Central Government's Interest Subsidy Scheme (CSIS).  The students should give an income certificate from the competent authorities like Thasildar, notified by the Goverment.  In that case, the lending banks will claim the full interest from the Government through the nodal bank Canara Bank.   The students need not pay any interest (even a single rupee) till the end of moratorium period. (study period plus one year or six months after getting emloyment, whichever is earlier).  The Banks have to charge interest and collect from the student only after the moratorium period. 

ELTF has been receiving lot of complaints about the students not getting interest subsidy properly. 

a)  Most of the bank managers mislead the students that the scheme itself is not implemented;
b)  Many Banks do not claim interest subsidy for eligible students within the stipulated time.  They do not advise the students to submit the relevant documents for claiming interest subsidy. 
c)  Even if interest subsidy is claimed, only part amount is claimed from the Government and collect the balance interest from the student, in violation of the scheme.
d)  In many branches, though the banks have claimed interest subsidy, they also collect the interest from the students.

In our estimate, more than 99% of the Bank branches do not follow the guidelines and do not pass on the benefits to the poor students.  ELTF has taken up several times, quoting instances with individual banks, RBI and IBA.  While the banks sort out the grievance of that particular complainant, they do not bother about streaming the system.

ELTF is supported by many MPs of different parties.  They also took up the issues in Parliament.  ELTF has been demanding CAG audit or RBI audit of all the eligible education loan accounts to ensure that the Government scheme is implemented properly.    Many of the guidelines are violated by all the Banks.

Last month, when I met Mr Hansraj G Ahir, one of the top performing MP  (Sansad Ratna Award winner for the past four years), I discussed with him fully the issues faced by the students.  He is also the whistle blower of the Coal scam, that is rocking the country.  He sniffed the coal scam in 2005 and conducted deep investigations and then brought to light. 

On our request, he immediately wrote a detailed letter to Dr Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister, explaining the various difficulties faced by the students.  Now Prime Minister forwarded that letter to Ministry of HRD, who administer the interest subsidy scheme.  Now Ministry of HRD has called for report from the various stakeholders like RBI, IBA and the nodal bank Canara Bank.  Ministry of  HRD also requested me to write to them the problems faced by the students.  We have also written to Ministry of HRD the problems faced by the students. 

Today  IANS (one of the leading wire agencies of India) has put out a story on this issue.  This story is picked up by various media now both online and in print. 

ELTF strongly feels that most of the education loan borrowers are mislead by the banks.  Even the authorities are not able to do anything. 

Now that we have taken up with Prime Minister level, we are confident that something may emerge.

K. Srinivasan
Moderator : India Vision Group, Action 2020 Group
Convenor: Education Loan Task Force (ELTF)

Please read the IANS Story:

http://newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/BJP-plans-to-edge-Congress-over-education-loan-issue/2013/10/18/article1842452.ece

BJP plans to edge Congress over education loan issue

By IANS - CHENNAI Published: 18th October 2013 12:14 PM Last Updated: 18th October 2013 12:14 PM

The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) plans to edge the central government out over the issue of education loan as the nationalised banks do not show much interest in its disbursal, said a party leader Friday.

Banks also do not pass on the interest subsidy to eligible poor borrowers and shame the students by pasting their pictures on the branch notice boards when they default on dues.

"The Lok Sabha elections are round-the-corner and we have decided to take the issue against the UPA (United Progressive Alliance) government and create awareness among the people and majorly among the youth," BJP's member of parliament (MP) from Maharashtra Hansraj Gangaram Ahir told IANS.

At the state level also, BJP office-bearers are planning to raise the problems faced by students in getting education loan.

"On one hand the government says it cares for all the sections of the society, but no provision is made for the funds for the educational loan scheme being implemented by the government," Ahir said.

In a letter to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh Sep 4, Ahir highlighted students' problems in getting education loans and interest subsidy, among others.

The human resource development (HRD) ministry was looking into the issue of non-payment of interest subsidy to eligible borrowers and other issues related to the loan, he said.

The education loan is one of the pet schemes of union finance minister P.Chidambaram who boasts of it at public meetings.

The scanty provision of funds has deprived lakhs of students and youth from pursuing their education.

"The total education loan portfolio for the banking sector as on March 31, 2013, is around Rs.53,000 crore in around 25 lakh accounts," convener of Education Loan Task Force (ELTF), K. Srinivasan said.

ELTF guides students on rules and regulations governing the education loans offered by nationalised banks.

Srinivasan said under the interest subsidy scheme, the centre would reimburse the banks the interest due on the loan amount till the end of one year from the date of completion of the course or six months from the date on which the student lands a job after his course -- whichever is earlier.

The centre would reimburse the interest to those students whose parental income is less than Rs.450,000 per annum, and on loans which are available only for professional and technical courses and not for arts/science and students of diploma course, Srinivasan said.

Citing union budget documents, he said during 2011-12, Rs.697 crore was allotted for the loan's interest subsidy. Between 2012-13 and 2013-14, Rs.800 crore and Rs.1,100 crore have been allocated.

"Based on the complaints received by ELTF, many students have not been getting interest subsidy from many banks. There are bank managers who even fob off the borrowers denying any such interest subsidy scheme," Srinivasan remarked.

He said Canara Bank is the nodal agency for setting the bank's claims under the interest subsidy scheme for a fee and it would claim the amount from the HRD ministry.

"I understand the Rs.1,100 crore allocation for this fiscal has already been exhausted," he added.

Under the Indian Bank's Association (IBA) guideline loan repayment could be done over 10 to 15 year period, Srinivasan said.

"But banks force the students to pay within three/five years. With the poor economic situation and the lack of employment opportunities, the students are not able to pay huge monthly dues. The banks then classify the accounts as non-performing and give a negative public image about this portfolio," he said.

"We appreciate the interest subsidy scheme, but the way in which the interest subsidy is managed needs to be thoroughly audited by Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) or by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)," the ELTF convener said.


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Tuesday, October 15, 2013

[India_Vision_2020] Dr APJ Abdul Kalam conveys his blessings to our group

 

hi all

Today, on behalf of our group, i conveyed our respects to Dr Abdul Kalam on his 83rd birthday.  Just now I have received an acknowledgement from him thanking for our wishes and prayers.  He has also conveyed his greetings to us.   Please see the appended mail.

We are honoured to receive his blessings on his birthday.

Srinivasan
Moderator

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Abdulkalam Apj <apj@abdulkalam.com>
Date: Tue, Oct 15, 2013 at 2:19 PM
Subject: Re: Dr APJ Abdul Kalam turns 83 today. India Visiion group salutes him
To: Prime Point Srinivasan <prpoint@gmail.com>


Dear Prime Point Srinivasan,

Thank you for your Prayers. May God Bless you and your group members. 

Kalam 

Office of Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam,
10 Rajaji Marg,
New Delhi - 110011



On Tue, Oct 15, 2013 at 10:00 AM, Prime Point Srinivasan <prpoint@gmail.com> wrote:
hi

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam turns 83 today.  After Mahatma Gandhi, Dr Kalam is the main source of inspiration for all the citizens of India, particularly youth.  Let us all pray in temples, mosques and churches for his long and healthy life.  India needs an inspiring mentor like him.

On behalf of India Vision Group, Action 2020 and Education Loan Task Force, I have conveyed our respects to him.

Srinivasan
Moderator



--
 
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[India_Vision_2020] Dr APJ Abdul Kalam turns 83 today. India Visiion group salutes him

 

hi

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam turns 83 today.  After Mahatma Gandhi, Dr Kalam is the main source of inspiration for all the citizens of India, particularly youth.  Let us all pray in temples, mosques and churches for his long and healthy life.  India needs an inspiring mentor like him.

On behalf of India Vision Group, Action 2020 and Education Loan Task Force, I have conveyed our respects to him.

Srinivasan
Moderator

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Wednesday, October 9, 2013

[India_Vision_2020] Urgent & Important - Please share your views on 'Youth perception on politics'

 

Hi 

Mr V Ponraj, Advisor to Dr APJ Abdul Kalam is making a study and preparing a report on 'youth perception about entering politics'.  He has requested me to circulate a set of questionnaire for circulation.

Please go through the questions.  There are 12 Questions.  Questions 1 to 7 may be responded by all.  Questions 8 to 12 may be responded by youth who are interested to join politics or people already in politics.  

You may kindly share your responses through email  directly to Mr Ponraj at vponraj@gmail.com.

While responding to him, please make the subject line as 'youth perception on politics'. 

The respondents can be of any age. Even seniors can respond.  He wants more youngsters to participate and share the views across the nation.   

Please introduce yourself briefly before giving your views, along with your age and contact details (place and mobile number).  If Mr Ponraj wants to get more clarification, he will contact the respondent  directly over phone.

While giving your views, do not remove the questions.  Please copy the questions and write your views for every question.  You can also add more views separately, if you want, beyond what is asked.  

Please do not send the response to the group.  Please send directly to Mr Ponraj.

Please submit your views before 15th October 2013.  You may also kindly share this questionnaire with your contacts.

Srinivasan
Prime Point


---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: V. Ponraj <vponraj@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, Oct 9, 2013 at 10:58 AM
Subject: To get the views of the present day youth about politics - Regarding
To: Prime Point Srinivasan <prpoint@gmail.com>

Dear Shri Prime point srinivasan 

Question to the present day youth, you may circulate among our India Vision, action 2020, and other youth groups and get their opinion. 

General Questions for all (1 to7)

1.       What is your perception about politics?

2.       As a youth do you feel politics is the right route to do public service?

3.       In the current political scenario - as a youth what are the challenges that you perceive to enter into politics?

4.       Do you think caste, creed, religion, money and strength dominate the perception of the voters? Or
Is the good service to the people by the youth leaders respected by the people? Is that alone sufficient for the people to come forward and vote?

5.       What is your suggestion to reduce or eliminate corruption in public life, administration and all the other services in the society?

6.      What are the reforms needed to make the public life clean and orient towards societal change from the present day business orientation through costly election campaigns and money for voters concept?

7.  As a voter, what is your expectation from your Councillors, MLAs and MPs to your constituency / state and to nation?  (Please give your expectations individually for councillors, MLAs and MPs)

The following questions (8 to 12) may be responded by those who are interested to join politics or already in politics.

8.       How do you inspire the political leader to consider you as a potential candidate for contesting in election?

9.       How do you reach out to the people and to do public service? In what way? What are the current challenges? Why  people look out for a leader like you presently?

10.         Is it possible to attain good position in politics irrespective of caste, creed, religion or any other affiliation? If so, pl provide details? What are the challenges that you have faced to attain any position by merit or performance in public service? If not, explain why is it so?

11.       How do you propose to work when you are going to get elected? What are the values that you would like to radiate around you while you are in politics?

12.      What is your vision to the constituency or to the state or to the nation - when you are elected to represent in Panchayat or State Legislature or Parliament? 

With regards

V PONRAJ



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Tuesday, October 8, 2013

[India_Vision_2020] SBI's shaming poor student defaulters of education loan - SBI withdrew the instructions - RBI responds

 

dear all

Members may be aware during the first week of August, many of the State Bank of India branches shamed poor students who defaulted education loan repayment by displaying their photos in a flex board prominently in all branches like criminals being displayed in police stations.  Even the defaulters of small amounts of around 20 to 30 thousand were displayed.  Even the photographs of  girl students were displayed.  They consciously did not display the photos of other big defaulters of loans other than education loan. 

This was probably done only in Tamil Nadu under the instructions of over enthusiastic Senior Executives of their Head Office.  Education Loan Task Force (an initiative of Action 2020 team of this India Vision group) took up the matter with RBI and also circulated among the media and other political leaders.  The entire media picked up the story.  Senior political leaders, including Mr Karunanidhi issued statements condemning SBI.  It was also reported in national channels.

Though SBI had defaulters from all the other categories of loans, they chose to display only poor students who had availed education loan.   ELTF blamed SBI for not having courage to display the names of big borrowers who have committed in thousands of crorres.  ELTF also demanded SBI to release in all the media, the details of the top 100 NPA accounts of SBI.  Till date, they have not displayed the list of Top 100 defaulters of SBI. 

The over enthusiasm of some of the Senior Executives of SBI  boomeranged.  Shamelessly some of the Senior Executives also defended their action of shaming poor students in media.  After this matter got into controversy, they silently withdrew the flex boards from all the branches. 

RBI had sent us an acknowledgement on 28th August 2013 informing us  that they were looking to the matter.  We shared this in the group also.    Now  after investigation, RBI has written to ELTF informing us that SBI has since instructed the Branches to  'keep in abeyance shaming of education loan defaulters'.

Though SBI is doing a very good job under education loan segment, unfortunately, they got shamed by shaming poor students, due to the ill advise of senior management officials. 

We append below the mail received from RBI.  We place on record our appreciation to RBI for prompt intervention.  We also appreciate SBI for responding to the public sentiments immediately. 

K. Srinivasan
Moderator, India Vision Group
Convenor, Education Loan Task Force

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Irani, M M <mmirani@rbi.org.in>
Date: Tue, Oct 8, 2013 at 12:53 PM
Subject: SBI`s shaming poor education loan defaulters-Karunanidhi and other political leaders slam SBI
To: "info@eltf.in" <info@eltf.in>


RPCD.MSME & NFS.No.            /06.12.05/2013-14                                    October 8, 2013

 

Shri K. Srinivasan, Convenor

Education Loan Task Force info@eltf.in

 

Dear Sir,

 

SBI`s shaming poor education loan defaulters-Karunanidhi and other political leaders slam SBI

 

Please refer to your e-mail dated August 5, 2013 and our interim reply dated August 28, 2013 on the captioned subject. In this connection we have been informed by State Bank of India that photographs of Education Loan NPA borrowers were displayed in the Branch notice boards and in some cases in the newspapers after following due process as laid down in the internal guidelines of the Bank. However, w.e.f. August 5, 2013 instructions have been issued by the corporate office of SBI to keep this in abeyance in respect of Education Loan  borrowers.

 

 

 

Yours faithfully,

 

 

(Sharmila Sampath Kumar)

Assistant General Manager

 

 


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Sunday, October 6, 2013

Re: [India_Vision_2020] A great moment with Dr. Kalam Sir, Rajbhawan, Patna

 

Dear Prof.Munna Kumar !

Really you had a feeling of proudly receiving a "Life Time Achievement Award" with Hon'ble Dr Kalam !!!

Sincere thanks for sharing such an inspiring motivation moment !

Warm regards !
Dr Manoj Tatwadi
Nagpur(MS)

Sent from my BlackBerry® from Reliance Mobile, India's No.1 Network.

From: <vision2020_10@yahoo.co.in>
Sender: India_Vision_2020@yahoogroups.com
Date: 06 Oct 2013 00:37:23 -0700
To: <India_Vision_2020@yahoogroups.com>
ReplyTo: India_Vision_2020@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [India_Vision_2020] A great moment with Dr. Kalam Sir, Rajbhawan, Patna

 

It was a great achievement for my life when I met  Dr. Kalam sir in Rajbhawan, Patna.I would like to share my feeling with you of that great moments. On 29 th Sep 2013, Dr. kalam Sir had came for convocation in NIT, Patna. During this precious time, I had got appointment with Dr. Kalam in Rajbhwan to show my project "A Natural Operating System". When I confirmed that I can visit Dr. Kalam in Patna at 4 o'clock, I got more positive and energetic towards achieving the goal of vision2020. Really It was a great feeling to know that I was going to show my project and handshake with Dr. kalam.  I have done a lot towards achieving the goal of vision2020 only after reading the Dr. kalam's  book. But Now I had visited and handshake with him and blessed. Now I have got a lot of energy to do for our country. Nothing can stop me for doing such works.

  It was very interesting that everyone had known to me that Pro. Munna Kumar had appointment with Dr. Kalam sir. I was really become very glad to know this fact. Everyone had given me very respect. Before meeting with Dr. Kalam I had got a lot of achieving outside of Rajbhawan. Really It was amazing for me. After security check, I entered in the Rajbhawan. I was really so excited to imagine the moment when I met Dr. Kalam. I entered in Rajbhawan at 4 o'clock and wait about 2 hrs with some farmers and one more visitor. After 1 hr sitting with farmers and share some facts. I was said by security person, I should have to go in waiting room. Then wait there almost 1 hr more. There are some securities persons are sitting there. They asked me the purpose to visit Dr. Kalam. I told him about myself and my purpose. They appraised me for my noble cause and whatever I am doing in Champaran for achieving the goal of vision2020. Now the time had come to visit Dr. Kalam, I was informed by a man and he took me in lift and gone on 3 rd floor of Rajbhawan.

       I entered in the room where Dr. Kalam sir was staying.  After entering in the room, he asked me in Hindi "How r u? Munna". I surprised that a great person had talked me in Hindi. First of all I saluted him with "Jai Hind" and then said "I am fantastic"in hindi. He spread his hand for handshake and automatically my hand spread towards Dr. kalam's hand. That moment was really a great moment for my life. After handshake, I obliged that my dreams come true now. After then he indicated me that sit down on and asked, tell me something. First of all, I had given him an Invitation letter for visiting champaran. He started to read the invitation and asked about geographical area and population about Champaran. I told all about champaran why champaran was so famous in the world. He promised me that I will surely visit the Champaran in next tour of Bihar. Now I had opened my project to show him. First of all, I told him about myself and my article published in Ezine"PreSense" of Ignited mind section (by Prime Point Foundation).He congratulated me and said "very good". After then I show my project "A Natural Operating System".About 15 minute had spend a great moments with great scientist of the world . He asked many questions related to this project. Many photographs had been captured in my own camera. That was really a historical and memorable day for my whole life. Icann't explain my feeling in my word. So excuse me please, just try to meet that person , you can feel whatever I had felt at that time.

   It was the first chapter of my life to visit Dr. kalam sir .After then My life has been changed automatically and start 2nd chapter of my life in which I am going to contribute a lot for achieving the goal of vision2020.It would be a land mark It means that going to implement my project "A Natural Operating System" at root level  for achieving the goal of PURA mission. I would like to thanks K. Srinivasan sir, Ponraj Sir and Dhanshyam Sharma sir for arranging this grand meeting with Dr. Kalam. I would like to thanks Mr. Sola Kumar and mr. Nakul kumar for giving a great company for this mission.

Jai Hind

Thank you

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[India_Vision_2020] A great moment with Dr. Kalam Sir, Rajbhawan, Patna

 

It was a great achievement for my life when I met  Dr. Kalam sir in Rajbhawan, Patna.I would like to share my feeling with you of that great moments. On 29 th Sep 2013, Dr. kalam Sir had came for convocation in NIT, Patna. During this precious time, I had got appointment with Dr. Kalam in Rajbhwan to show my project "A Natural Operating System". When I confirmed that I can visit Dr. Kalam in Patna at 4 o'clock, I got more positive and energetic towards achieving the goal of vision2020. Really It was a great feeling to know that I was going to show my project and handshake with Dr. kalam.  I have done a lot towards achieving the goal of vision2020 only after reading the Dr. kalam's  book. But Now I had visited and handshake with him and blessed. Now I have got a lot of energy to do for our country. Nothing can stop me for doing such works.

  It was very interesting that everyone had known to me that Pro. Munna Kumar had appointment with Dr. Kalam sir. I was really become very glad to know this fact. Everyone had given me very respect. Before meeting with Dr. Kalam I had got a lot of achieving outside of Rajbhawan. Really It was amazing for me. After security check, I entered in the Rajbhawan. I was really so excited to imagine the moment when I met Dr. Kalam. I entered in Rajbhawan at 4 o'clock and wait about 2 hrs with some farmers and one more visitor. After 1 hr sitting with farmers and share some facts. I was said by security person, I should have to go in waiting room. Then wait there almost 1 hr more. There are some securities persons are sitting there. They asked me the purpose to visit Dr. Kalam. I told him about myself and my purpose. They appraised me for my noble cause and whatever I am doing in Champaran for achieving the goal of vision2020. Now the time had come to visit Dr. Kalam, I was informed by a man and he took me in lift and gone on 3 rd floor of Rajbhawan.

       I entered in the room where Dr. Kalam sir was staying.  After entering in the room, he asked me in Hindi "How r u? Munna". I surprised that a great person had talked me in Hindi. First of all I saluted him with "Jai Hind" and then said "I am fantastic"in hindi. He spread his hand for handshake and automatically my hand spread towards Dr. kalam's hand. That moment was really a great moment for my life. After handshake, I obliged that my dreams come true now. After then he indicated me that sit down on and asked, tell me something. First of all, I had given him an Invitation letter for visiting champaran. He started to read the invitation and asked about geographical area and population about Champaran. I told all about champaran why champaran was so famous in the world. He promised me that I will surely visit the Champaran in next tour of Bihar. Now I had opened my project to show him. First of all, I told him about myself and my article published in Ezine"PreSense" of Ignited mind section (by Prime Point Foundation).He congratulated me and said "very good". After then I show my project "A Natural Operating System".About 15 minute had spend a great moments with great scientist of the world . He asked many questions related to this project. Many photographs had been captured in my own camera. That was really a historical and memorable day for my whole life. Icann't explain my feeling in my word. So excuse me please, just try to meet that person , you can feel whatever I had felt at that time.

   It was the first chapter of my life to visit Dr. kalam sir .After then My life has been changed automatically and start 2nd chapter of my life in which I am going to contribute a lot for achieving the goal of vision2020.It would be a land mark It means that going to implement my project "A Natural Operating System" at root level  for achieving the goal of PURA mission. I would like to thanks K. Srinivasan sir, Ponraj Sir and Dhanshyam Sharma sir for arranging this grand meeting with Dr. Kalam. I would like to thanks Mr. Sola Kumar and mr. Nakul kumar for giving a great company for this mission.

Jai Hind

Thank you

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Friday, October 4, 2013

Re: [India_Vision_2020] Remembering 3 great heroes of India - 2nd October

 

Great info....Sir................Thanks for sharing...infact only this year Oct2nd i came to know that it was the bday of Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri and death day of Shri Kamaraj....

on Oct 02, 2013, Prime Point Srinivasan <prpoint@gmail.com> wrote:
 

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Wednesday, October 2, 2013

[India_Vision_2020] Remembering 3 great heroes of India - 2nd October

 

hi all

Today (2nd October), the whole nation is celebrating the Mahatma Gandhi's birth day.  Mahatma's achievements and his philosophies are remembered.

Unfortunately, the media has also forgot to remember two other great leaders of India.  They are (1) Lal Bahadur Shastri and (2) K Kamaraj.

Lal Bahadur Shastri

Lal Bahadur Shastri (Born 2nd October 1904) was the 2nd Prime Minister of India during 1964-66.  During his time, in 1965, Pakistan waged war against India.  He boldly faced the situation and won  the war.  The war ended with  Tashkant Declaration signed by the PMs of both the countries.  On the same night, Shastri, was declared dead due to heart attack.  Still the mystery of his death  remains unresolved.  He passed away on 11th Jan 1966.

His slogan 'Jai Jawan' Jai Kisan' is still popular and relevant.  He gave equal importance to both jawans and kisans.  He was leading a very simple life.  

K Kamaraj

2nd October is the death day of Shri K Kamaraj, who was the President of Indian National Congress.  His Chief Ministership of Tamil Nadu is still considered as the 'Golden period'.  For the first time in India, he provided free education and free food to the poor people and encouraged education in 1950s.  (He studied only upto 3rd standard, but he gave importance to education).  

He brought a popular plan known as 'K Plan' to encourage youngsters to assume power.  He suggested the seniors to work for the party and youngsters to hold office in the Government.  Accordingly, he himself resigned as the Chief Minister and undertook party work.

He is also known as the 'King Maker'.  When there was a confusion after the death of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, he made Lal Bahadur Shastri as the PM.  Again, after the death of Shastri, he made Indira Gandhi as the PM.  He passed away on 2nd October 1975.

Let us remember the three great heroes of the nation, Mahatma Gandhi, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Kamaraj.

Srinivasan
Prime Point

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